BEGINNING

This book shows how most of the ancient Israelites were exiled and lost their identity and that today their descendants are to be found mainly amongst the "Gentile" peoples of North America, Northwest Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. The present day Jews in the Diaspora and Israel are mainly descended from only two of the original twelve tribes whereas the offspring of the remaining majority are in the above areas.

Not only are the ancient Israelites proven in general to have migrated to the west where their children formed eventually the nations of Great Britain, Eire, France, Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. But also individual Israelite Tribes are specifically identifiable as historical groups (such as the Angles, Jutes, Franks, etc.) who settled in definite areas. Different segments of each tribe tended to congregate together in the same places so that their descendants are now concentrated each in its own country which thus belongs to whatever specific tribe gained predominance within its boundaries.

It will be demonstrated how from the Tribes of Joseph (Ephraim and Menasseh) the present day English-speaking nations were formed. The Tribe of Reuben became dominant amongst the French, Benjamin became the Belgae, Zebulon forefathered the Dutch, Dan the Danes, Naphtali the Norwegians, and Gad the Swedes. The Fins of Finland came from Issachar, Simeon, and Gad; Asher gave rise to the Scots, Issachar to the Swiss, and so on. Some elements from each Tribe also mixed in with those of other tribes. Clan appellations amongst the Israelite Tribes are seen to have often been preserved by the Israelites in their places of exile and throughout the course of their wanderings. Their descendants are therefore often identifiable today according to the same names.

These claims are not far-fetched. They are supported by Biblical, Historical, and other evidence. Much of our proofs are, in effect, even recognized by the academic world, which simply has not sufficiently co-related the information in its possession and not drawn the necessary conclusions from evidence it already acknowledges. It is not being said that ALL the peoples in the discussed nations are of Israelite descent. It is, HOWEVER, being stated that the overwhelming majority of the Lost Ten Tribes are in those very areas, that they significantly influence national characteristics, and that their numbers must be substantial
possibly in some cases forming a majority of the population.

Similar claims regarding the Israelite origin of the British and others have been made in the past though the evidence presented herein is more far reaching, better substantiated, and more conclusive and convincing than anything advanced heretofore. Some attempt has been made to present the case objectively though it should be realized that both the personal disposition of the
present author as well as the nature of the account do not permit the extensive consideration of every contradictory opinion. This work is largely a collection of facts, each of which has been checked, cross-referenced, and evaluated in its own right. Be that as it may, the account given within relies on the sum of related data every piece of which needs to be considered as part of the whole body of evidence. Every proof adduced reinforces the overall picture and is in turn itself further confirmed by the total context.

Many of the conclusions reached, though sometimes seemingly obvious, are in effect potentially revolutionary in their implications. It is hoped, therefore, that the present exposition will receive the appreciation it deserves without individual qualms or prejudices being allowed to blur the import of the book or its real significance. The goal of this work was primarily a study which it was hoped would lead to a deeper and more widely spread understanding of Israelite Tribal Identities in the light of Biblical and Historical truth. This book helps clarify the truth of the Bible. Reading the Bible and studying its content is what we all need to do today, more than ever before. Not only is this obligation vital to us now, it is also not difficult. With a little effort and perseverance Bible study becomes enjoyable and gives life to its adherents. The Tribes provides information concerning the identity of that
people which the Bible primarily speaks about and who on the whole are still unaware of their Israelite and Tribal Identity.

It is hoped that at least some amongst the peoples identified within the following pages as descendants of Israelite Tribes will gain a deeper appreciation of themselves as they now are and of whom their ancestors may well have been. The account contained within bears a far-reaching message concerning the modern-day power struggle, Biblical prophecy and outlook, and the personal appreciation many people should have for themselves. It should be known that the Jewish people are their Tribal-brother "Israelites". This work is also important to the Jewish people in equal measure as it is to those identified as descended from the
Lost Ten Tribes.

THE HEBREW EXILES IN EUROPE AND BRITAIN

The Blessings of Abraham...According to the Bible, Abraham was chosen to be the forefather of a nation through whom all the families of the earth would be blessed (Genesis 12; 2), who would keep the way of the LORD to do justice and judgment (Genesis 18; 19), and who would themselves become numerous, great, mighty, and blessed (Genesis 22;16-19). The blessings, in effect, were made unconditionally ("By myself have I sworn, says the LORD", Genesis 22; 16) and may be considered more as a means to achieve, rather than an effect of the ordained national role. Abraham begat Isaac, and Isaac begat Jacob who was renamed "Israel" (Genesis 32; 28) who had twelve sons and these became the twelve tribes of Israel.

The Peoples of Israel Split into Two Separate Kingdoms Under kings Saul, David, and Solomon the twelve tribes were united in one kingdom which, at various stages, controlled a significant portion of the Middle East. King David, from the Tribe of Judah, established the capital at Jerusalem within which his son Solomon built the Temple. In the reign of King Rehoboam, son of Solomon, ten of the northern most tribes seceded and formed their own kingdom (1-Kings 12; 20-23), which was referred to as "Israel", (e.g. Hosea 5; 5). The remaining tribes who remained faithful to the House of David were called "Judah". From
inhabitants of the Kingdom of "Judah" are descended the modern Jews, though many individuals from the northern seceding tribes also made their way south (e.g. 2-Chronicles 15; 9). In the course of time, these too became part of the Jewish nation.

All Inhabitants of the Northern Kingdom Are Exiled...In approximately 740-720 BCE the Northern Kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Assyrians and all of its people were exiled (2-Kings 17; 18). Sennacherib, the king of Assyria1, also exiled more than 200,000 people from the kingdom of Judah which number, at that stage, must have accounted for a good portion of the total Judean population. It follows that those Israelites exiled by the Assyrians included many from Judah. Those in Judah however, who were not exiled, numbered many from the northern tribes who had made their way south previously. Even so, it is conventionally accepted to name those exiles taken away by the Assyrians "The Lost Ten Tribes" after the original body who broke away from Judah. The Lost Ten Tribes were destined to lose their identity. The exile appears to have been complete. There are no definite archaeological remains pertaining to Israelites in the northern "Israel" area2 and dating from
after the Assyrian exile. Some later traditions indicate that a small percentage did remain and these either joined their brothers in "Judah" or else amalgamated with the "Samaritans" who were foreigners settled by the Assyrians in place of the evacuees (2-Kings 17; 24)3. Nevertheless, the overwhelming majority of Israelites had been taken away to places named in the Bible, in Talmudic literature, and other sources, to locations wherein Israelite presence is confirmed by archaeological evidence and from popular legend. It will be shown that the exiled Israelites are identifiable, very often, in their places of exile by the very same Tribal and Clan names they must have had before their exile, and that they were destined to continue
to play an important role in human history.

What Happened To the Exiles?

The Israelites had been exiled because they worshipped other gods and followed pagan customs (2-Kings 17; 7-23). In their places of exile the Israelites were to continue on the whole their idolatrous practices and adoption of foreign ways. Despite their imitation, throughout the ages, of the peoples surrounding them, the Hebrew nature of the exiles was to reassert itself from time to time and this enabled the realization of their inherited mission to tame and humanize the pagan world. The present book, here and there, analyses this mission and discusses prophecies concerning its fulfillment, though the major emphasis will be on historical proofs identifying the historical and modern-day offspring of the Lost Ten Tribes. This will be done. This will ber done by generally connecting peoples with the exiles. Not only are specific peoples identified with the exiles in general but also they are directly identified as members of Israelite Tribal-clans within the Israelite Nation! The Israelites were transported en-masse partially by ship to Spain and the west and from there they moved to Gaul and the British Isles but mainly
they were sent to areas in northern Mesopotamia and to Hara. From those regions they later moved northward into "Scythia" (roughly the area encompassed in the past by the USSR) whence they migrated in several waves to the extreme north and west of Europe from which their descendants settled North America, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. The peoples in these said nations today are thus in the Biblical and historical sense brothers of the Jews who came from the remaining southern kingdom of Judah and comprised the second half of the Hebrew nation with the Lost Ten Tribes comprising the remainder. The Jews and the Lost Ten Tribes together form the Israelite or HEBREW nation.

Who Are The Hebrews?

The word "HEBREW" is a transliteration of the Hebrew word "Ibri", or "Ivri" and has been understood as meaning "descendant of Eber" or "someone from over the river Euphrates" though in Scripture the name is allocated only to Israelites (Iben Ezra on Exodus 21;2). The name "IBRI" may be literally understood also as meaning simply "outsider" and is derived from the root "aver" or "over" (which, in both English and Hebrew connotes "above and beyond"3. The first Hebrew in the Scriptural sense was Abraham the Hebrew. A Midrash (Genesis Rabah 42) says that: All the world stood on one side while Abraham the Patriarch stood over on the other. Abraham was the forefather of the Twelve Tribes of Israel. Ten of these Twelve Tribes disappeared and were lost. Part of the Lost Ten Tribes gave rise to peoples who moved from the Middle east to Spain and from there to France, Holland, Ireland, and Britain. They called themselves "Hiberi" or Hebrews and received Celtic culture. They were joined by other Israelites who advanced overland and had also received aspects of "Celtic" civilization or that of the Northern "Germanic" peoples. Out of the original twelve tribes only two remained in the Land of Israel to be historically identified. These remaining two tribes absorbed some refugees and migrants from the other Tribes and together they became the Jews of history. The Jews were named after "Judah" who was the dominant tribes amongst them. The Jews were exiled from their land and suffered persecution
and unjustified hostility for more than two thousand years but at least they retained knowledge of their identity..

What Happened To the Land of Israel?

The Land of Israel ("Palestine") passed from Roman hands into that of the Byzantines, thence the Persians took control, followed by the Arabs, the European Crusaders, again the Arabs and finally the Turks.

Zionism Being Israel's Restoration Was Also A British Movement!

English, French, and Jewish thinkers beginning from the 1600's began (sometimes independently of each other) to advocate the establishment anew of a Jewish State in the Land of Israel. In Britain this line of thought was known as Restorationism and it was paralleled amongst the Jews by Zionism. In the late 1800's the Jewish Zionist movement was formed to work for the formal reconstitution of a Jewish National Presence in Israel. At the same time Jewish settlement in the Land increased
significantly. The Turkish rulers of Palestine and the local Arabs were essentially hostile to this movement but the British used their influence and became the semi-official protectors of the Jewish presence. The British also made periodical attempts to alleviate the conditions of the Jews in Continental Eastern Europe where they were severely persecuted. The long apparent British ambition to found a Jewish State within the area of ancient Israel has been described by Franz Kobler: "Nowhere more than in Britain has the idea of the Restoration of the Jews been developed into a doctrine and become the object of a movement extending over more than three centuries. Only in Britain the leading spokesmen of many generations have been inspired by the vision of a
revived Israel. Only there the creation of a Jewish National Home has been a serious and almost continuous political issue which was finally translated into reality."

" The idea of Israel's Restoration is rooted in the fundamentals of the Commonwealth, Inseparable. from the character and history of the British nation in spite of a temporary abandonment..." "The movement [i.e. Restoration of the Jewish Independent Kingdom] [is].. an integral part of British religious, social and political history forming a parallel, not an annex, of the histories of Jewish Messianism and Zionism .... The recognition of Israel's Restoration as an organic part of British political ideas.... [is] .. a genuine religious, humanitarian and political trend within British history." Franz Kobler, "THE VISION WAS THERE", UK 1956 pp.7-9.

In 1914 the Turks joined the Germans and Austrians and fought against Britain and her allies in the First World War. With the impending defeat of Germany and Turkey the question arose as to the fate, after the war, of the non-Turkish states in the Turkish Empire, including that of the "Palestine" area.

British Ambivalence...In 1917 the Government of Great Britain issued the Balfour Declaration which declared the purpose of establishing a Jewish State in the areas of modern day Jordan and Israel. Henceforth the British and Jewish Zionists began to lay the foundations for Jewish Restoration. Despite several attempts by the British establishment to renege on their undertaking, it was the British who supplied the infrastructure and much of the economic base for the coming state of Israel, This continued almost to the very last minute of British presence in the area. On the other hand it was British arms, training and citizens who helped the Arabs in their attempt to destroy this very entity. From the beginning, the British administration had suffered from an ambivalent attitude and in the 1930's the anti-Jewish tendency appeared to have gained an upper hand. At the same time as the British under Arab pressure restricted Jewish immigration to "Palestine" there were pogroms in eastern Europe in which Jews were robbed, beaten, tortured, raped, and murdered. Hitler came to power in Germany and many Jews made desperate attempts to escape from Europe. The British due to Arab pressure limited immigration to "Palestine".

Traitors within France...It should be noted that before the Holocaust in Europe many Jews had desperately been attempting to escape. Most of these attempts were successful even though Jewish refugees were not welcomed in many countries. With the outbreak of War the Germans conquered regions that contained Jewish citizens and refugees and these were murdered by the Nazis. France had accepted more Jewish refugees from Germany than any other country. Britain also received a large number. France was defeated but before capitulating the French Army gallantly protected the British forces who were miraculously enabled to escape at Dunkirk. France however was riddled with right-wing pro-German anti-Jewish elements. It was the enemies of the Jews of France herself who betrayed France from within. Hitler had reactionary elements in France working on his behalf. These formed the basis of the Vichy Government in southern France that co-operated with the Germans. To some degree ethnic divisions may be distinguished between those Frenchmen who willingly submitted to Hitler and those who did not.

The Attitude of the Peoples to the Holocaust... Britain (more than the USA, Canada, and Australia) had accepted a good number of Jewish refugees but then decided to drastically reduce admission. Economic reasons, as well as anti-Semitism or the fear of arousing it, were among the reasons for these restrictions. Open or concealed hatred of the Jews was often a motivating factor all over the world in denying the Jews refuge. Every country on earth closed its doors against Jewish refugees. This policy continued during the Second World War to a degree. Some of the officials responsible knew that the results of this policy meant death for those of Jewish descent and some were not so aware. Despite all this it is doubtful if anything really could have been done on a large scale other than defeat the Germans which is what was done. Claims to the contrary appear to be illusionary departures from the reality as it then was.

Claims against the Allies include the following: 1. They did not accept Jewish refugees before the War. 2. They did not bomb Auschwitz and the camps. 3. They did not warn the Germans that atrocities would be punished. 4. They did not "barter" Jewish lives for goods when the Germans offered to do so towards the end of the War. 5. They closed the doors to Palestine. Some of these claims have something in them and some do not. Concerning (1) they were not aware that the Germans were about to conquer Europe and kill all the Jews they could find. Perhaps they should have been but they were not and neither was anybody else. Jewish refugees from Germany usually managed to find refuge in other countries and those who went to places that the Germans later conquered were killed but no-one foresaw this eventuality at the time. 2. Bombing Auschwitz and the camps (if indeed it was possible) underestimates the determination of the Germans to kill Jews.

3. Warnings not to harm the Jews were in fact issued in some cases but it was also feared that their results could be counter productive. In Hungary Roosevelt threatened to bomb Budapest if the persecution of the Jews did not cease and the threat was effective. Wallenstein of Sweden and Lotz of Switzerland in Hungary saved numerous Jews and they were acting on behalf of the USA in coordination with their own governments. 4. There was no real possibility of "bartering" Jewish lives for goods. Suggestions to the contrary by the Nazis appear to have been part of a German trick to sow discord between the Allies and Russia who already suspected the Allies of wanting to see Russia broken. Hitler would never have allowed it. The Germans were killing Jews even at great expense to their own war efforts. 5. The British restricted Jewish entry to Palestine because they feared Arab reactions. Jews who illegally attempted to reach Palestine were either allowed to stay or interned on Cyprus. A different policy could have saved more Jewish lives but how many is uncertain and those responsible were not necessarily aware of this possibility at the time. The measure of hostility towards the Jews from other peoples at that time is not appreciated. At the beginning of the War Turkey had instituted anti-Jewish measures but the USA pressured her to desist from them. Spain was neutral and accepted a large number of refugees but at one stage considered handing them over to Germany. A thinly veiled threat from Churchill caused the Spanish to think again. Things were done. It may not have been enough but it was something
and it was done by those who themselves were fighting for their own existence. Things were done and they were done mainly by the Western Allies whom we believe to constitute the Lost Ten Tribes of Israel. In the cases of not-totally Axis-dominated nations such as Hungary, Turkey, and Spain the Allies did exert effective pressure on behalf of the Jewish people. The Germans and Austrians had began the SECOND WORLD WAR and conquered most of continental Europe. They proceeded to exterminate the Jewish people, men, women, and children. They were helped to murder Jews by Ukrainians,
Latvians, Lithuanians, Romanians, Croatians, and others. More than six million Jews were killed. In Poland some people rescued Jews, though the anti-German Polish resistance movements themselves frequently also murdered Jews fleeing from the Germans. This was done as a matter of policy and in some cases had priority over the struggle against Germany. After the War
Poles who had helped rescue Jews often had to keep it secret lest their fellow citizens murder them or their kin4. This was not the case in Germany. The consistency of the German attitude was not always a conscious one. Nevertheless most Germans to some degree accepted the Nazi aims. In the Bulgarian parts of Bulgaria-proper the Jews were protected though the Jews of Bulgarian-Macedonia were handed over to Germany for extermination.

In Western Europe the Danes, Belgians, Dutch, and French, at great risk to themselves, often helped Jews escape or gave them shelter, though in some of these countries the Germans had helpers in murdering the Jewish people. The Italians often quite heroically helped save Jews yet had allied themselves to Hitler and worked for a Nazi victory.

The British Saved Mankind and Delivered the Jews from Destruction!

The British remained unconquered and the only determined unbeaten opponent of the Germans, from the beginning of the War until its end, was Great Britain and Her Dominions. At one stage Britain (and her "daughter" Dominions) stood alone against the victorious conquering Germans. The British could have made a separate peace on favorable terms with Germany but even if the British Government had wanted to (and it did not) the British people would not accept anything less than continued struggle for complete victory. The anti-Jewish policies of the Nazis even from before the beginning of the War was the major single factor in turning British public opinion against Germany5. The USA actively supported Britain on the material level turning itself into one vast hinterland-producing area for the British effort. The USA and Russia after being attacked joined Britain against Germany. Ultimately Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Canada, together with the USA and USSR, defeated Germany and the German allies, Italy, Croatia, Hungary, Rumania, and the Baltic States. Despite everything, those Jews who did survive owe their lives, in a sense, to the Allies' victory.

The Betrayal of the Jews...Both before the War and during it, it may have been possible to save the lives of a very large number of Jewish refugees if there had been somewhere to settle them. France, Britain and the USA received many and most other places very little. Even Britain and the USA did not receive as many as they could have. Australia and South Africa closed their doors. After the WAR these same places (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the USA, Britain, etc.) were often enthusiastic (and at other times at least willing) in re-settling millions of non-Jewish refugees and immigrants from Russia, the Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Germany, Italy, Pakistan, Africa, Asia, and so on. From reading accounts and official reports concerning the fate of the Jews during the Holocaust years when the Jews needed to be helped an unmistakable impression is received. Some of the authorities in potential host countries would rather have left the Jews to their fate than help them, especially if help meant accepting them into their own countries. This was despite the fact that the economies and societies of the prospective host countries would have benefited6. Jews were not welcome (to say the least) under any circumstance. This throws a serious question on the degree of Israelite ancestry claimable by the said nations. It does not nullify such claims but it means that they must be qualified and the presence of non-Israelite elements existing alongside the Israelite ones seriously taken into consideration! On the other hand some
genuine attempts were made to help Jews fleeing from certain death. Some effective policies were undertaken which were nearly always due to people identified in this work as coming from "Lost Ten Tribes" Israelite stock.

In France people of Protestant Huguenot descent were especially active in doing all that they could to rescue Jews. The fact that the WAR against the Nazi evil was fought, maintained, and eventually won was also due mainly to people identified by us as descended from Israelites. Despite everything, one aspect of the whole War effort had the goal to ensure Jewish survival.

The German Plan to Exterminate Britain. Traitors To Britain Were Anti-Jewish!

The Germans found the Dutch too pro-Jewish and not sufficiently "Aryan" in outlook. They intended to deport all of them to Poland which would be depopulated of its Polish inhabitants. In the Second World War they had attempted to conquer Britain. They had plans, if successful, to deport all of the male population as slave labor to the Continent: Females (if they survived) would be fertilized by SS men. Professor Dr. Franz Six was to be in charge of Britain. He later indoctrinated the Killing Squads (Einsatzgruppen SS) in Russia. "Hitler agreed with every word; his great respect for the Anglo-Saxon race had made it all the harder for him to enter this life-or-death struggle which must end with the destruction of one of them." (Peter Townsend, "Duel of Eagles", 1971, p.45). Compare Payne, Robert "The Life & Death of Adolf Hitler" U.S.A. 1973, p.400: "...Among the many plans submitted to Hitler and approved by him was a comprehensive plan for transporting the greater part of the male population to work in factories in Germany. Orders concerning the Organization and Function of the Military Government of England, a thick compendium of rules and regulations to be followed by the German administrators of the conquered territory, called for all able bodied men between the ages of seventeen and forty-five to be sent to Germany as slave-laborers. The women of England, with the help of the SS, would produce a new race of Anglo-Germans. The entire intelligentsia and all the Jews would be liquidated. SS Colonel Professor Dr. Franz Six, a former dean of the faculty of political science at the University of Berlin, was placed in charge of the liquidation and deportation of Englishmen. SS offices would be established in London, Bristol, Birmingham, Liverpool., Manchester, and Edinburgh. Colonies of Englishmen would be established in the Baltic States". The above documented plan only represents part of the actual eventuality. The plan was that set out for the best of circumstances from the German point of view. It reflects German susceptibilities prior to action. Hitler considered England "the enemy above all enemies" (Payne p.343). The fate of the English in practice was liable to have been even worse than the plan indicates.

I am sure that Hitler would not have hesitated for a moment to employ atom bombs against England. I remember his reaction to the final scene of a newsreel on the bombing of Warsaw in the autumn of 1939...Hitler was fascinated. The film ended with a montage showing a plane diving toward the outlines of the British Isles. A burst of flames followed and the island flew into the air in tatters. Hitler's enthusiasm was unbounded. "This is what will happen to them!" he cried out, carried away. "That is how we will annihilate them!">> Albert Speer, "Inside The Third Reich", New York, 1971, p.303.

The Germans may have meant to exterminate the British people as we know it. They were developing means of mass-sterilization. Even so, there existed fringe elements within certain sections of British society who had appeasing tendencies towards the Nazis both during the War and after it. It was these same "conciliatory" elements in many cases who later strengthened the anti-Jewish sentiments expressed in official policy regarding Palestine. To sum up: The whole world east of the Rhine actively participated in the extermination of the Jews. The British and Americans were against it and did what they could to prevent it but there were elements amongst them that strongly did not want "too many" Jews in their own country or in "Palestine," or elsewhere. There were also elements who were anti-Semitic outright. These were a minority but had influence at crucial moments. Elements who were anti-Jewish were often in effect proven to be traitorous to the Allied cause.

After the War the Jews in Palestine, reinforced by survivors from the European "concentration" (murdering) camps were faced with a coalition of hostile Arab forces partly backed, armed and trained by the British and including the presence of British military personnel. Fiction between the Jews and British had been growing due to the British restricting Jewish immigration to Palestine (including that of those who had no-were else to go), and not allowing the Jews to defend themselves against Arab
terrorism. In addition anti-Semitic elements in the local British Palestinian administration and in the British Government had increased in influence.

Why Did Britain Renege?...The British attitude in Palestine resulted from a mixture of anti-Semitism in certain circles together with a misplaced colonial tradition of protecting the "natives". The results of this characteristic had already been seen elsewhere: British concern for the Red Indians in North America at the expense of the British descended white settlers was one of the causes of the American War of Independence against the British. In South Africa, British protection of the "blacks" discriminated against Dutch Boer and British settlers. In New Zealand, British policy had favored Maori natives over immigrants from Britain8. In Palestine the British often attempted to be impartial but suffered from a conflict of interests. Prior to the Second World War, a British officer (Orde Wingate) under directions from the British Army helped found the Jewish Fighting Forces and formulate military concepts that ultimately led to Jewish victory. Orde Wingate, incidentally, believed in the Bible, realized that the British descend from the Lost Ten Tribes9 and dreamt of leading an independent Jewish Army. He was transferred against his will from "Palestine" and in the Second World War liberated Ethiopia from the Italians. Later in Burma he caused the Japanese to divert their forces and thus probably ensured the Allied victory against the Japanese. In "Palestine", in addition to Orde Wingate, many of the British personnel were pro-Jewish in practice.¨ At one stage the British had actually executed hundreds of Arab rebels and otherwise disposed of many more. The British position was never really clear, even to themselves, and both Arabs and Jews felt discriminated against. There were also many British soldiers and administrators who openly sided with the Arabs and were anti Semitic. In British Governmental circles men such as Lloyd George and Winston Churchill were strongly pro-Jewish and Zionistic but they were restrained and hampered by their colleagues and by people in lower echelons. The British Administration in Palestine was at times openly anti-Semitic. Despite this, on the whole, the Jews benefited from the British presence. Even though some Britons worked against it most of the British public (in Britain) continually favored the establishment of a Jewish state! It was a succession of British Governments who let their own people down as well as the Jews. The British had ruled in Palestine where
Jews and Arabs were fighting each other. Both resisted the British until the British decided to leave. Newly-released documentation suggests that the British Labour Government envisaged an Arab victory over the Jews which would result in the British being called back to serve as "Protectors" of a truncated Jewish entity centered on Haifa10. Pro-Jewish (or just fair-minded) elements however amongst the British forces evacuating Palestine helped the Jews save themselves from the defeat they were intended to suffer .

After the establishment of the State of Israel Winston Churchill in the House of Commons stated that the anti-Jewish policies of some British Governments had been mistaken and called for Reconciliation11. For the sake of perspective it should be recalled that the British feared Communist expansion and that the Jewish international consensus regarding Communism was at first unclear. Jews on the Continent had been horribly oppressed and persecuted. In Russia many Jews had been forced by the authorities to abandon their religion. Some had found refuge in Revolutionary movements. These were a small percentage of the Jewish people but for the Revolutionaries they were qualitatively important. A minority of Communists was Jewish even though the Communists were mortal enemies of the Jewish people. Some few Jews were thus initially conspicuous amongst Communist sympathizers and Communism was then a serious threat. Even more Jews at that time had Socialist and extreme liberal sympathies and these were identified as potentially "Communist".

The "Communist menace" was regarded with hysteria in certain circles. The British also had oil interests, numerous Moslem subjects in India and Malaya and other areas, and there were other considerations. A parallel case in some respects is that of South Africa, and how many liberal Anglo-Saxon Gentiles and Jewish intellectuals supported the South African whites in the past even though the whites may have been objectively relatively more justified than any other group in prevailing circumstances? The South African whites were forced to place their very existence in danger mainly due to pressure from their liberal Anglo-Saxon and Jewish brothers. It should also be remembered that Anti-religious Jews in and outside of Israel and including members of some of the Israeli Governments have on occasion been almost as anti-Jewish as some of the British sometimes were. [The Olso Agreements of 1993 and everything that sprang from them are an example. These Agreements gave weapons and a power base within the Land of Israel to Arab murderers whose declared intention was to kill as many Jews as possible. These Agreements were sanctioned without any justification by numerous leaders in the Jewish community.] It is also worth highlighting some of the positive pro-Jewish aspects the British Administration in Palestine did have when an overall view is taken:

The British kept their promises to the Zionists. They opened up the country to mass Jewish immigration; by 1948, the Jewish population had increased by more than tenfold. The Jews were permitted to purchase land, develop agriculture, and establish industries and banks. The British allowed them to set up hundreds of new settlements, including several towns. They created a school system and an army; they had a political leadership and elected institutions; and with the help of all these they in the end defeated the Arabs, all under British sponsorship, all in the wake of that promise of 1917. Contrary to the widely held belief of Britain's pro-Arabism, British actions considerably favored the Zionist enterprise. Tom Segev, "One Palestine Complete", USA, 2001, p.5

The British had found an underdeveloped country when they arrived, and they left behind much progress, especially among the Jews. But they also left behind much backwardness, especially among the Arabs.>> Segev, p.9. Pollock [a British military administrator in Palestine] and others like him wanted the state administration to continue to function properly, and so they did in fact make a great effort to transfer it to the Jews. Some functions were handed over to the municipalities, others to the Jewish Agency. In addition, the evacuation plan, from south to north, left responsibility for Jewish population centers in British hands, almost to the very last minute, thus impeding Arab war plans. Segev, p.513.

THE STATE OF ISRAEL AND NON-JEWISH "ISRAELITE" SUPPORT

At all events, despite the attacks of hostile Arab states, the Jews won their War of Independence and the State of Israel came into existence in 1948. President Truman insisted that Israel be allowed to retain the Negev area thus doubling the size of the new country. For a limited time after its inception the State of Israel enjoyed the aid of individual Frenchmen and the general support of France. Britain remained ambivalent, though in 1956 Britain, France, and Israel were allied in military action against Egypt. At that stage the USA was antagonistic. In 1967 Israel fought a war against the Arab States surrounding her and was victorious. After 1967 the USA became Israel's main (and almost only) backer and also materially supported her. President John Kennedy told Golda Meir that the relationship between the USA and Israel was comparable to that between the USA and Britain. President Nixon was a genuine friend of Israel and so were most other American leaders such as President Reagan and President George Bush . Millions of Jews had been imprisoned in eastern Europe, Ethiopia, and the USSR and it was largely due to US influence and often active intervention that many of these were enabled to emigrate to Israel and elsewhere. The USA did, however, have its own anti-Jewish and anti-Zionist elements and these, on occasion, did damage to the Israeli cause, or at least tried to. The USA at times openly used its overwhelming influence to attempt the manipulation of Israeli society and government. The establishment of left-wing governments in the State of Israel and forced agreements that enabled the Palestinian Arabs to arm themselves and seriously endangered Israel was due to American and European interference in Israeli affairs. On the other hand Israel received much support from Fundamental "Evangelicals" in the USA and elsewhere. Throughout the
Western World and especially the English-speaking areas Christians have recently began to search for their "Hebrew" roots. The more Biblically orientated they are the more this phenomenon occurs and it is usually accompanied by increasing sympathy for and support of the Jewish State of Israel.

By "Hebrew" roots the Christians intend the sources of their religious faith but we would say that an inner arousal of their ancestral Hebraic sources is also a factor. A very large proportion of those who have supported and helped the Jews and the State of Israel were descended from Israelites as proven in this work. Often those few friends whom the Jews had were both of Israelite origin and also believed strongly in the Bible. In the USA this phenomenon was and is especially noticeable. There were also occasions when the USA seemed to regard Israel almost as an expression of part of itself and act accordingly though at other times Israel was treated with barely-subdued hostility.

On the whole it may be said that since the eighteenth century (and to an extent well before) most countries of the world were anti Jewish while the USA, Britain, and France, and related nations in Western Europe and overseas were ambivalent with a favorable attitude prevailing more often than not. This book brings proof that part of the reason for this "Ambivalence" was HEREDITY. There is a familial relationship between western peoples and the Jews which at times is instinctively felt and expressed. The Lost Ten Tribes having migrated westward is the best factual explanation of this feeling.

INHERITANCE

A significant and influential portion of the peoples in northwest Europe, Britain, and North America have the same ancestry as the Jews. This fact has influenced the historical behavior of the said peoples. It is generally accepted that these peoples have always been attached to the Bible, especially to the "Old" (Hebrew) Testament. On the whole their overall national tendency has been a striving for the general good and justice for all. It is obvious that these goals have not been achieved but attempts have been made and for that matter no claim is being made that all of these peoples are Hebrew or that Hebrew ancestry is always good. A specific influence is being considered as attributable mainly to the contribution of definite groups who, to some degree, probably merged with others of possibly opposing inclinations.

The Promise to Abraham-A Prerequisite for Greatness...Abraham was the first ancestor of the Hebrew nation and of him it was stated: "Abraham shall become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed in him... he will command his children and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the LORD, to do justice and judgment; that the LORD may bring upon Abraham that which He hath spoken of him" (Genesis 18;17-19). This blessing infers that becoming "a great and mighty nation" was not only an effect but also a PREREQUISITE of having all the nations of the earth being blessed in him and of doing justice and judgment. Similar verses in the Bible expound on this theme and add detail to it. We will return to this subject. The doing of justice was to be especially associated with the Tribe of Joseph.

Colonialism Was Beneficial...The nations identified in this book as being of the Israelite seed of Abraham were those who mainly conducted European colonialist policies from the eighteenth to twentieth centuries. The overall effects of colonialism, in most cases, were very beneficial -despite claims to the contrary. French, British, and Dutch colonialism put a stop to internecine warfare, ended human sacrifice and slavery, founded and/or improved irrigation-systems, reformed agricultural practices and public hygiene, built bridges, roads, public works, and so on. Wherever they ruled the local population greatly increased in numbers, in health, and in respect for basic human dignity. The colonial powers also often (but not always) made large profits for their own citizens and helped themselves by exploiting opportunities for investment, which the subject countries offered. This investment usually benefited all parties. This was part of the blessing of Abraham, the power was given and it was used for good, even though in some cases the initial conscious motivation in colonization was a lust for power and material gain. In the case of the British, colonies often accrued to the Empire due to dynamics beyond the conscious control of the British themselves! The overall effect of colonization was beneficial, and altruistic motives were also present and implemented. Even today these peoples remain the only real morally motivated advancers of international justice in this world. Even if this morality is often misapplied or self serving or strangely selective there does exist a genuine will to do the right thing overall and on the whole the effects are positive.\

We Are Not Racists!

Another point is that the above statements and the historical material revealed in this book are not coming to support any racialist or other theories. All of mankind is descended from one ancestor. The characteristics of everyone else are potentially present somewhere in each of us! The peculiar behavior of any group may, in part, be attributed to the effects of climate, environment, geographical location, historical factors, and cultural influences, all of which are largely beyond the control of whoever is affected by them. NEVERTHELESS, for whatever reason, a promise was made to Abraham which was unconditional and which had therefore, at some time, to occur; and to some extent so it has -in the above mentioned nations. Whatever caused this occurrence in the immediate sense is relatively inconsequential. The historical proofs in this book, thus, have potential significance beyond that of academic study. The said evidence may be of importance in helping many peoples understand both their own past and their present obligation and potential. An important message of this book involves the ancestry of many people in the western world today for whom the historical study indicates Israelite ancestral identities and these entail both hereditary characteristics and obligations.

The exiles from the Northern Kingdom were taken in part overseas to Spain and its region and from there they moved to Ireland, Britain, and Gaul. Others were taken to the fringes of the Assyrian Empire, in northern Mesopotamia, the Caucasus and Zagros Mountain areas and eastern Iran. From these regions they were to move into Europe and Eurasia and eventually converge on the west in the process adopting aspects of "Celtic" and "Germanic" civilization. They had been transferred at the first en-masse from the LAND OF ISRAEL. In Israel they had been part of a Twelve Tribed Nation, each tribe being divided into smaller familial groupings and sub-clans. The Assyrian directed relocation of these "Israelites" was accompanied by the partial breaking up and scattering of the Tribal units. Nevertheless, enough of the original organizational patterns were to be maintained in the places of exile to enable the identification of historical groups with Israelite entities and to trace their subsequent movements.

The identifiable Israelite descended peoples were destined to reach and settle in West Europe, where too, the same Tribal and Tribal clan equations are possible. What exact percentage of Israelite parentage exists in the relevant nations wherein these groups settled is uncertain but it appears to be substantial. At all events, wherever else parts of the Lost Ten Tribes of Israel may or may not be, their overwhelming majority migrated to the above mentioned areas, as the following pages show.

PLACES OF EARLY ISRAELITE RE-SETTLEMENT AFTER THE EXILE.

The Western Settlements

HARA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS

MOVEMENT OF ROYAL SCYTHS (Scythae Basiloi) TO THE BALKANS THEN TO SOUTHERN
POLAND (Source Of Vistula River) THEN TO SCANDINAVIA VIA JUTLAND

Deut 1:14] And ye answered me, and said, The thing which thou hast spoken
is good for us to do.

[Deut 1:15] So I took the chief of your tribes, wise men, and known, and
made them heads over you, captains over thousands, and captains over
hundreds, and captains over fifties, and captains over tens, and officers
among your tribes.

[Deut 1:16] And I charged your judges at that time, saying, Hear the causes
between your brethren, and judge righteously between every man and his
brother, and the stranger that is with him.

[Deut 1:17] Ye shall not respect persons in judgment; but ye shall hear the
small as well as the great; ye shall not be afraid of the face of man; for
the judgment is God's: and the cause that is too hard for you, bring it
unto me, and I will hear it.

[Deut 1:18] And I commanded you at that time all the things which ye should do.

And I saw a Beast rise up out of the Sea...(Revelation 13).